اعمال حقوق بشر در مبارزه با تروریسم

امیر ارجمند, اردشیر; عبدالهی, محسن

اعمال حقوق بشر در مبارزه با تروریسم

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

اردشیر امیر ارجمند ¹

محسن عبدالهی ²

¹ دانشیار دانشکده حقوق دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

² عضوهیات علمی دانشکده حقوق دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

تروریسم به دو شکل حقوق بشر را متأثر میسازد: از طرفی حمله به غیر نظامیان عنصر مادی سنتی جرم تروریسم به شمار میرود و از طرف دیگر دولت‌ها نیز در سرکوب تروریست‌ها اغلب حقوق بشر را نقض میکنند. در این راستا برخی از دولت‌ها اصولاً قابلیت اعمال حقوق بشر را در مبارزه با تروریست‌ها مورد تردید قرار میدهند حال آن‌که حقوق بشر به عنوان یک نظام حقوقی دارای مقررات و ساز و کارهای قابل توجه قابل اعمال در مبارزه با تروریسم است و اسناد بین‌المللی نیز به مکرر به قابلیت اعمال حقوق بشر در مبارزه با تروریسم اشاره کردهاند. از این‌رو دولت‌ها نمی‌توانند به نام مبارزه با تروریسم حقوق بشر را نادیده گرفته یا محدود نمایند. با وجود این اگر تروریسم یا مبارزه با آن وضعیت اضطراری را به وجود آورد، نظام حقوق بشر تعلیق موقت و استثنایی برخی از قواعد قابل تعلیقش را میپذیرد. به هر حال این تعلیق به معنی نفی حاکمیت قانون و تجویز خودسری در مبارزه با تروریسم نیست.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تروریسم

حقوق بشر

وضعیت اضطراری

تعلیق

حقوق غیر‌قابل تعلیق

عنوان مقاله English

Application of Human Rights in the Fight Against Terrorism

نویسندگان English

Ardeshir Amir Arjmand ¹

mohsen abdollahi ²

¹ Associate Professor, Faculty of Law, Shahid Beheshti University

² Associate Professor, Faculty of Law, Shahid Beheshti University. Tehran, Iran

چکیده English

Terrorism has a twofold effect on human rights. On the one hand, attacking innocent civilians constitutes the crime of terrorism, and on the other hand, governments violate human rights law in fighting terrorists; and certain states basically deny the applicability of human rights law in combating terrorism. However, human rights, as a system of law, contains considerable rules and mechanisms which could be applied in war against terrorism, and this applicability has enormously been acknowledged in international instruments. Therefore, States are not allowed to violate nor limit the application of human rights in the name of combating terrorism. Nevertheless, the system of human rights provides for the exceptional and provisional derogation of certain derogable rights if the terrorists attempt to attack; or the fight against terrorism involves state emergency. This derogation however does not allow States deny the rule of law and act arbitrarily in fight against terrorism.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Terrorism

Human Rights

State of Emergency

Derogation

Non-derogable Rights

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ب- لاتین