نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی - پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشیار دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران
2 کارشناس ارشد حقوق مالکیت فکری دانشگاه تهران
چکیده
در فضای اقتصادی امروز دو نوع علامت تجاری دارای شهرت قابل تشخیص است که مستلزم حمایت‌های متفاوتی نیز می‌باشند. نوع اول، علائم معروف که در میان بخش مرتبط جامعه شناخته شده و در چارچوب حقوق سنتی علائم تجاری مورد حمایت واقع می‌شود. نوع دوم، علائم مشهور که برای عموم جامعه شناخته شده و در قالب تنزیل حمایت می‌شود. در حقوق ایران صرفاً علائم تجاری معروف مورد حمایت قرار گرفته و علائم تجاری مشهور مورد شناسایی و حمایت واقع نشده است. از سوی دیگر علائم تجاری معروف تعریف نشده و معیارهای تشخیص آن مورد اشاره قرار نگرفته است. در این مقاله با رویکردی تطبیقی ضمن ارائه تعریف و معیارهای تشخیص علائم معروف، علائم مشهور نیز مورد شناسایی قرار گرفته و تفاوت‌ها و شباهت‌های این دو نوع علامت و دکترین حمایتی مختص به هر یک مورد بررسی قرار خواهد گرفت.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Comparative Study of Famous and Well-known Trademarks As the Two Kinds of Trademarks with Reputation
نویسندگان [English]
- Saeed Habiba 1
- Ibrabhim Chavoshi Lahrood 2
1 Associate Professor, Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Tehran
2 Master of Intellectual Property Law, University of Tehran
چکیده [English]
In today’s economic environment, two kinds of trademarks have been acknowledged with reputation that also entails different protections. The first type concerns popular trademarks recognized by the relevant sector of the public and protected based on traditional law of trademarks. The second kind concerns famous trademarks recognized by the general society and protected under the dilution entity. In Iranian law, only popular trademarks are protected and the famous trademarks are not recognized and protected. However, popular trademarks are not defined and their distinguishing criteria are not mentioned. This article, applying comparative approach presents a definition and identifies criteria for popular marks, meanwhile famous marks are recognized and differences and similarities between these two types of marks and supporting doctrine specific to each case will be examined.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Traditional Law of Trademarks
- Popular Trademarks
- Famous Trademarks
- Dilution
منابع
الف- فارسی
- امامی، اسدالله؛ حقوق مالکیت صنعتی، جلد دوم، تهران، نشر میزان، چاپ اول، 1390.
- حبیبا، سعید؛ تقریرات درس حقوق مالکیت صنعتی 2، 1390-1391.
- قانون ثبت اختراعات، طرحهای صنعتی و علائم تجاری 1386.
- میرحسینی، سید حسن؛ حقوق علائم تجاری، نشر میزان، چاپ اول، 1390.
- Agreement on Trade-Related Intellectual Property Rights; 1994, TRIPs.
- Bodenhausen, G.H.C; 1969, Guide to the Application of the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property, BIRPI, Wipo Reprinted 2004.
- Barker, Brandon; 2006, The Power of the Well-Known Trademark: Court Should Consider Article 6BIS of the Paris Convention an Integrated Part of Section 44 of The Lanham Act, Washington Law Review, Vol. 81:363.
- Chong, Stephanie; 2005, Protection of Famous Trademarks Against Use for Unrelated Goods and Services,Vol. 95 TMR.
- Cornish, W.R. & Llewelyn, D; 2007, Intellectual Property: Patents, Copyright, Trade Marks and Allied Rights, 6th ed., Sweet & Maxwell, London.
- Council Directive 89/104/EEC of Dec. 21; 1988, To Approximate the Laws of the Member States Relating to Trade Marks, 1989 O.J. (L 40) p. available at<http://europa.eu/scadplus/leg/en/lvb/l26023.htm.>. Visited on 04/2/2013.
- Council Regulation 40/94 of Dec. 20; 1993, On the Community Trade Mark (CTMR), 1994 O.J. (L 11) p. 1-36, available at <http://oami.europa.eu/ows/rw/pages/CTM/legalReferences/regulations.en.do.>. Visited on 10/12/2012.
- Darnton, James E; 2011, The Coming of the Age of the Global Trademark: the Effect of TRIPs on the Well-Known Marks Exception to the Principle of Territoriality, Michigan State International Law Review, Vol. 20:1.
- Grinvaldd, Leah Chan; 2010, A Tale of Two Theories of Well-Known Marks, Vanderbilt J. of Ent. And Tech. Law, vol. 13:1.
- Joint Recommendation Concerning Provisions on the Protection of Well-Known Marks, available at <http://www.wipo.int/about-ip/en/development_iplaw/pub833.htm> Visited on 20/5/2013.
- Federal Trademark Dilution Act of 1995, Pub. L. No. 104-98, 109 Stat. 985 (1996).
- Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property, March 20, 1883, 21 U.S.T. 1583 828 U.N.T.S. 305 (as revised at Stockholm on July 14, 1967), available at <http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/paris>. Visited on 12/06/2013.
- Laws & International Documents
- Mostert, Frederick W; 1996, Famous and Well-Known Marks an International Analysis, International Trademark Association.
- _________________ ; 1996, Well-Known and Famous Marks: Is Harmony Possible in the Global Village?, TMR Vol. 86.
- McCabe, Kathleen B; 2000, Dilution-by-Blurring: A Theory Caught in the Shadow of Trademark Infringement, Fordham Law Review, Vol. 68.
- Oswald, Lynda J; 1999, "Tarnishment and Blurring Under the Federal Dilution Act of 1995", American Business Law Journal, Vol. 36.
- Onishi, Hiroko; 2009, Well-Known Trade Mark Protection: Confusion in EU and Japan, Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, University of Southampton, December.
- Trademark Dilution Revision Act, H.R. Rep. No. 109-23, at 5-6 (2005).
- Tatham, David H; 2008, WIPO Resolution on Well-known Marks: A Small Step or a Giant Leap? 2 I. P. Q.
- WIPO Six Month Study-Cum -Research Fellowship, Well-Known Trademark Protection Reference to the Japanese Experience, 2010.
- Wilkof, Neil J; Burkitt, Daniel; 2005, Trademark Licensing, Second Edition, Thomson, London.
- <http://www.inta.org/TrademarkBasics/FactSheets/Pages/FamousWellKnownMarksFactSheet.aspx.>. Visited on 16/02/2013.
ب- لاتین
)
ارسال نظر در مورد این مقاله