Journal of Comparative Law

Journal of Comparative Law

Retrial in Arbitration:A Critique of the International Commercial Arbitration Act and a Draft Comprehensive Arbitration bill with Proposals for Process Improvement

Articles in Press

Document Type : Research Article

Authors
Mohammad Amin Kabiri 1
HedayatAllah Soltaninezhad 2
1 PhD student in Private Law, Faculty of Law, Qom University, Qom, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Law, University of Qom, Qom, Iran.
10.22096/law.2025.2039147.2237
Abstract
With the expansion of international trade, arbitration has emerged as an effective and swift method for resolving disputes. To ensure justice in arbitration, the retrial mechanism can be used as a means for reviewing arbitration awards. The International Commercial Arbitration Act and the Draft Comprehensive Arbitration Bill include provisions for retrials that need thorough review. This research, conducted using a descriptive-analytical method, aims to identify the issues in the arbitration retrial process under these laws and provide solutions for improving this process. The research findings indicate that by determining the types of awards eligible for retrial, distinguishing the regulations for objection and nullification of the award from the method of retrial, and setting appropriate grounds and deadlines, the arbitration retrial process can be improved. Additionally, more effective mechanisms can be employed to manage the retrial process, and the Model Law approach in paragraph 4 of Article 34 can replace the current retrial method. Ultimately, the proposed solutions can form the basis for designing a Draft Comprehensive Arbitration Bill and reducing the challenges of retrials.
Keywords
retrial
arbitration review
justice in arbitration
International Commercial Arbitration Act
Draft Comprehensive Arbitration Bill
Subjects
Bibliography
Bayat, Mohammad Kazem, Mohammad Bahrami Khoshkar, and Ahmad Mirmazi. “Examining the Possibility of Grounds for Retrial of an Arbitrator’s Award in Iranian Law with a View to French Law.” International Legal Research 15, no. 55 (2022): 577-597. [In Persian]
Beheshti, Mohammadjavad, and  Nader Mardaani. “Barrasi-Ye Tahleeli-Ye E'ade-Ye Dadras Bar Asas-E Ghanun-E Jadid-E Aayeen-E Dadresi-Ye Madani Mosavab 1379.” Majalle-Ye Kanoon-E Vokala 176, no.2 (2002):123-142. [In Persian]
Berger, Klaus Peter. International Economic Arbitration. United States: KLUWER, 1993.
Born, Gary. International Commercial Arbitration. United States: KLUWER, 2015.
Broches, Aron. “Recourse against the Award; Enforcement of the Award.” In UNCITRAL’s Project for a Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration, edited by Pieter Sanders, 201-227. Netherlands: Springer, 1984.
Hasanzadeh, Mahdi. “A Comparative Study Of The Causes Of Rehearing In The Iranian Law And France Law.” Tarbiat Modares University Press 15, no. 4 (2011): 1-14. [In Persian]
Hayati, Ali Abbas. “Critical Analysis Of Retrials Causes In Iran’s Act Of Civil Procedure: With Comparative Study In French Law.”  Pizhuhish Nāmah-I Intiqādī-I Mutūn Va Barnāmah Hā-Yi ̒Ulūm-I Insāni 18, no. 5 (September 2018): 187-206. [In Persian]
Holtzmann, Howard, and Joseph Neuhaus. A Guide to the UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration: Legislative History and Commentary. United States: KLUWER, 2011.
Jafarian, Mansour. “Tamolati Bar Layehe-Ye Davari-Ye Tejari-Ye Bain-Olmelali “4”: Tasheeh Va Eteraz Be Ray-E Davari.” Majles Va Pazhohesh, no. 16 (1995): 175-208. [In Persian]
Joneydi, Laya, Acritical & Comparative Study Of International Commercial Arbitration Act (Of Iran), Tehran: Entesharat-E Daneshgah-E Tehran Ba Hamkari-Ye Moassese-Ye Hoquq-E Tatbighi-Ye Daneshgah-E Tehran, 1999. [In Persian]
Katoozian, Nasser. Etebar-E Amr-E Ghazaavat Shodeh. Tehran: Nashr-E Mizan, 2004. [In Persian]
‏Khodabakhshi, Abdollah. Hoquq-E Davari Va Da'avie Maebot Be An Dar Roye'ye Ghazayi. Tehran: Sherkat-E Sahami Enteshar, 2021. [In Persian]
Lew, Julian D. M., Loukas A. Mistelis, and Stefan M. Kroll. Comparative International Commercial Arbitration. Netherlands: Springer, 2003.
Matin Daftari, Ahmad. Aayeen-E Dadresi-Ye Madani Va Bazargani. Volume 2, Tehran: Entesharat-E Majd, 2002. [In Persian]
Nahrini, Fereydoon. “Osul-E Hakem Bar E'ade-Ye Dadresi.” Tahqiqat-E Hoquqi 14, no. 55 (2011): 1-27. [In Persian]
Redfern, Alan, and Murray Smith. Law and Practice of International Commercial Arbitration. London: Sweet & Maxwell, 2004.
Shams, Abdollah, Procedure Civile (Approfondie). Volume 2, Tehran: Derak, 2013. [In Persian]
Sigvard, Jarvin. “To What Extent Are Procedural Decisions of Arbitrators Subject to Court Review?” In Improving the Efficiency of Arbitration Agreements and Awards, 40 Years of Application of the New York Convention, edited by Albert Van den Berg, 383-387. Paris: Kluwer, 1998.
Susskind, Richard. Online Courts and the Future of Justice. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press, 2019.
Talabaki Toroghi, Zeinab. “The Study of Amiable Composition according to its nature compared to the judgment and arbitration.” Journal of Comparative Law 8, no. 2 (2021): 259-280. [In Persian]
Send comment about this article
Enter Name.
Enter a valid email address.
Enter a vaid affiliation.
Enter comments (At leaset 10 words)
CAPTCHA Image
Enter Security Code Correctly.
Journal of Comparative Law

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 10 May 2025