Journal of Comparative Law

Journal of Comparative Law

The Justice Function of Civil Liability Law: Islamic and Common Law Comparative Perspective

Document Type : Research Article

Author
Professor, Department of Private Law, University of Tehran, Farabi College, Qom, Iran.
Abstract
The justice function of legal rules, especially civil liability law, is one of the issues that has attracted the attention of scholars. Given that Islamic and common law legal systems share certain commonalities, the justice function of civil liability law of these two systems was comparatively studied using a descriptive-analytical method. It turned out that the view of justice in the common law system has evolved from situation to theory. In line with this view, the justice function of civil liability law was analyzed through relational, fundamental, combinatory, and realistic approaches. However, both systems agree that the purpose of civil liability law is to achieve corrective justice. In Islamic law, the apparent evidence suggests that justice serves as a criterion for all matters and issues, and its function in civil liability law is restorative. This difference in approach affects the judge's discretion in determining the amount of compensation, as well as in cases involving multiple factors, and whether liability is applied fully or proportionally.
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