نهاد لباس تجاری؛ نگاهی دوباره به نظام علائم تجاری

شاکری, زهرا; نورعلی, سهیلا

doi:10.22096/law.2019.34500

نهاد لباس تجاری؛ نگاهی دوباره به نظام علائم تجاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

زهرا شاکری ¹

سهیلا نورعلی ²

¹ استادیار دانشکدة حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران

² دانشجوی دکتری حقوق خصوصی دانشکدة حقوق دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

10.22096/law.2019.34500

چکیده

ظاهر کلی کالا یا خدمت، علاوه بر ایجاد زیبایی و جذابیت، می‌تواند به عنوان شناسۀ منبع عمل کرده و به مصرف‌کنندگان در تمییز منبع یاری رساند. به بیان دیگر، در بسیاری از موارد، خریداران بر اساس ظاهر محصولات و خدمات یا به اصطلاح لباس تجاری، منشأ آن‌ها را تشخیص داده و دست به انتخاب می‌زنند. از این رو، زمانی که ظاهر کلی کالا یا خدمت به گونه‌ای طراحی شود که بتواند به عنوان شناسۀ منبع عمل کند، شایسته است مورد حمایت قرار گیرد. با توجه به خلأ تحقیقاتی در این زمینه، این مقاله بر آن است به این پرسش‌ها پاسخ دهد که لباس تجاری در حقوق علامت تجاری کشورها چه جایگاهی دارد؟ و آیا در ایران از لباس تجاری حمایت می‌شود؟ مقالۀ حاضر با رویکرد توصیفی‌ـ‌تحلیلی نتیجه می‌گیرد که به رغم حمایت مقررات و رویۀ قضایی نظام‌های حقوقی مختلف از لباس تجاری، در ایران، طرح یا بسته‌بندی محصولات به عنوان علامت تجاری پذیرفته نمی‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

لباس تجاری

علامت تجاری

تمایزبخشی

ظاهر کلی کالا یا خدمت

عنوان مقاله English

The Trade Dress Institution: Looking Again to Trademark System

نویسندگان English

Zahra Shakeri ¹

Soheila Nourali ²

¹ Assistant Professor, Faculty of Law & Political Science, University of Tehran

² PhD Student in Private Law, Shahid Beheshti University

چکیده English

The overall appearance of a product or service, in addition to creating beauty and attractiveness, can act as a source identifier to help consumers distinguishing source. In other words, most of the time, buyers recognize the origin of the products or services and choose their desired products, based on their appearance or so-called trade dress. Therefore, when the overall appearance of a product or service is designed in a way that can serve as a source identifier, it deserves to be protected. Having in mind the lack of research in this field, the present article attempts to answer questions relating to the position of trade dress in trademark laws of countries and its protection in Iran. Adopting an analytical-descriptive approach, the article concludes that despite regulations and judicial precedents of different legal systems which protect trade dress, product design or packaging will not be accepted as a trademark in Iran. Thus, this article tries to introduce trade dress and study its related rules comparatively.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Trade Dress

Trademark

Distinctiveness

Overall Appearance of Product or Service

منابع

الف ـ فارسی
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